CXCL-13 Regulates Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil in Colorectal Cancer / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

Purpose@#5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is used as a conventional chemotherapy drug in chemotherapy forpatients with advanced colorectal cancer, but many patients still suffer from treatment failuredue to 5-Fu resistance. Emerging observations revealed the important role of chemokine(C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL-13) in tumor microenvironment and its relationship with prognosisin patients with colorectal cancer. This study is designed to reveal the important roleof CXCL-13 in causing colorectal cancer resistance to 5-Fu. @*Materials and Methods@#CXCL-13 levels of patient's serum or cell culture supernatants were measured separatelyby enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In cell assays, cell viability is detected by Cell CountingKit-8. Therefore, the recombinant human CXCL-13 was used to simulate its high expressionin cells while its antibody and siRNA were used to reduce CXCL-13 expression in cells. @*Results@#In this study, we demonstrated that CXCL-13 is associated with 5-Fu resistance by culturemedium exchange experiments and cytokine arrays of colorectal cancer resistant and nonresistantcells. Clinical studies showed that CXCL-13 is highly expressed in the serum of5-Fu–resistant patients. High levels of serum CXCL-13 also predict a worse clinical outcome.The addition of recombinant CXCL-13 cytokine resulted in 5-Fu resistance, while its antibodyovercame 5-Fu resistance, and knockdown of CXCL-13 expression by siRNA also reduced5-Fu resistance, which can be saved by added recombination CXCL-13. @*Conclusion@#These results not only identify a CXCL-13 mediated 5-Fu resistance mechanism but alsoprovide a novel target for 5-Fu–resistant colorectal cancer in prevention and treatmentstrategies.

Analysis on key points for construction of trauma emergency center of Jiangxi Province / 中华创伤杂志

Trauma is the leading cause of death for people under 40 years old in the world. At present, the rescue and treatment system of trauma patients in China is not yet well established, and the mortality of trauma patients is higher than those in the developed countries. Improving the treatment system is the key to reducing the trauma mortality. In order to innovate the service mode of trauma first aid, further promote the establishment of regional trauma first aid system, improve the ability of trauma treatment, reduce the mortality and disability rate of trauma patients in Jiangxi Province, recently Health Commission of Jiangxi Province and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University have reached a consensus on the establishment of Jiangxi trauma first aid center. In order to provide reference for the construction of trauma treatment system, the author analyzes the following aspects including functional positioning, basic requirements, organization management, and evaluation of core indicators.

Analysis on key points for construction of trauma emergency center of Jiangxi Province / 中华创伤杂志

Trauma is the leading cause of death for people under 40 years old in the world.At present,the rescue and treatment system of trauma patients in China is not yet well established,and the mortality of trauma patients is higher than those in the developed countries.Improving the treatment system is the key to reducing the trauma mortality.In order to innovate the service mode of trauma first aid,further promote the establishment of regional trauma first aid system,improve the ability of trauma treatment,reduce the mortality and disability rate of trauma patients in Jiangxi Province,recently Health Commission of Jiangxi Province and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University have reached a consensus on the establishment of Jiangxi trauma first aid center.In order to provide reference for the construction of trauma treatment system,the author analyzes the following aspects including functional positioning,basic requirements,organization management,and evaluation of core indicators.

Male Oxidative Stress Infertility (MOSI): Proposed Terminology and Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Idiopathic Male Infertility

Despite advances in the field of male reproductive health, idiopathic male infertility, in which a man has altered semen characteristics without an identifiable cause and there is no female factor infertility, remains a challenging condition to diagnose and manage. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS) plays an independent role in the etiology of male infertility, with 30% to 80% of infertile men having elevated seminal reactive oxygen species levels. OS can negatively affect fertility via a number of pathways, including interference with capacitation and possible damage to sperm membrane and DNA, which may impair the sperm's potential to fertilize an egg and develop into a healthy embryo. Adequate evaluation of male reproductive potential should therefore include an assessment of sperm OS. We propose the term Male Oxidative Stress Infertility, or MOSI, as a novel descriptor for infertile men with abnormal semen characteristics and OS, including many patients who were previously classified as having idiopathic male infertility. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) can be a useful clinical biomarker for the classification of MOSI, as it takes into account the levels of both oxidants and reductants (antioxidants). Current treatment protocols for OS, including the use of antioxidants, are not evidence-based and have the potential for complications and increased healthcare-related expenditures. Utilizing an easy, reproducible, and cost-effective test to measure ORP may provide a more targeted, reliable approach for administering antioxidant therapy while minimizing the risk of antioxidant overdose. With the increasing awareness and understanding of MOSI as a distinct male infertility diagnosis, future research endeavors can facilitate the development of evidence-based treatments that target its underlying cause.

Comparison of M-CSF and its receptor mRNA expression in luteinized granulosa cells after using recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM:To explore the effect of MCSF and its receptor on the response of ovarian stimulation by comparing the expression of macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and its receptor mRNA in luteinized granulosa cells in patients after using combinant human follicle stimulating hormone.METHODS:Ninety-six patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and 157 patients with non-PCOS underwent in vitro fertilization were divided into four groups,i.e.the PCOS fast and slow reaction group,and the non PCOS fast and slow reaction group,according to their response to recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (r-FSH).Luteinized granulosa cells were then collected after mature follicular puncture.SYBR Green quantitative RT-PCR method was used to detect the expression of M-CSF,M-CSFR and GAPDH in the mRNA gene of the granulosa cells samples.The relative quantity of these genes were determined by comparing the threshold value (CT value of the target gene subtract CT value of housekeeping gene).The difference of gene expression between two groups was compared by t test,and Spearman correlation analysis was used to describe the data relationships.RESULTS:No significant difference was observed in the use of r-FSH among the different groups (P ＞ 0.05).Neither was there any significant difference in mRNA quantity of M-CSF or M-CSFR between the entire PCOS and non PCOS patients (P ＞ 0.05).After grouping,no significant difference was observed between any two groups in the expression of M-CSF (P ＞ 0.05).The expression of M-CSFR in PCOS slow response group was significantly lower than that of PCOS fast response group (P =0.006).Meanwhile,the Spearman analysis showed that the correlation between the quantification of M-CSFR mRNA and the days of r-FSH in PCOS group was statistically significant (P =0.023);the correlation coefficient was 0.511.CONCLUSION:The slow response to ovarian stimulation in PCOS patients is possibly related to the reduction of granulocyte MCSFR expression.The M-CSF and its receptor may be involved in the ovarian stimulation response process.

The association of seminal plasma hepatitis B virus DNA copy with sperm quality / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between seminal plasma hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA copy and semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF).Methods The seminal plasma HBV-DNA was detected by the real-time PCR in 148 infertility males,and those with serum HBV-DNA above (positive) or below (negative) 5.0 × 102U/ml were analyzed respectively by semen parameters,sperm morphology and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF).Results Of 148 male,60 (40.5％) were seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive,and of 60 positive patients,56 (93.3％) were serum hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg) positive,which was higher than those of seminal plasma HBV-DNA negative males (31cases,35.2％).Serum HBeAg and HBV-DNA in seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive patients were 845.7(0.2 ～ 1455.0) S/CO and (1.7 ± 1.1) × 108U/ml,which were higher than those of HBV-DNA negative patients [HBeAg:0.1 (0.1 ～ 1374.0) S/CO;HBV-DNA:(2.3 ± 1.1) × 107 U/ml,P ＜ 0.01].Seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive patients exhibited lower semen volume,sperm concentration,the percentage of forward moving sperm and less normal morphology compared to HBV-DNA negative patients [(2.44±1.2)mlvs.(3.07±1.3)ml,(66.8±49.1) ×106/mlvs.(87.1 ±65.4) ×106/ml,(54.3± 16.1)％ vs.(59.1 ±15.3)％,(3.77 ±2.8)％ vs.(6.15 ±4.2)％,P＜0.05].The number of patients with teratozoospermia was significantly higher in seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive patients (56.7％ versus 34.1％,(P ＜ 0.01).The SDF in seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive patients was(18.1 ± 12.3)％,while it was(14.4 ± 8.4)％ in negative patients,and the difference of SDF in these two groups was significantly (t =2.197,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Seminal plasma HBV-DNA positive could affect the semen parameters,sperm morphology and SDF.

prospective randomized comparison of early embryo cleavage kinetics between two media culture systems

Objective: To investigate whether early embryo cleavage kinetics were affected by type of culture media

Methods: In this prospective sibling-split study, 620 oocytes from 37 patients were randomly allocated into two groups: Cook group and Vitrolife group. Oocytes/embryos in Cook group, would be cultured with Cook sequential culture medium, while oocytes/embryos in Vitrolife group, would be cultured with Vitrolife sequential culture medium. Time-lapse imaging technology was used to calculate exact timing of early embryo cleavage events which included time to 2PN breakdown, cleavage to 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- cell and the time duration in the 2-,3-cell stage. Then these timing of early embryo cleavage events were compared between Cook group and Vitrolife group. Moreover, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, high quality embryo rate, usable blastocyst rate, pregnancy rate and implantation rate of these two groups were also analyzed

Results: The results showed there were no differences in all timing of early embryo cleavage events between the two groups. In addition, the two groups were similar in fertilization rate [Cook 71.0% vs. Vitrolife 71.3%, P>0.05], cleavage rate [Cook 98.1% vs. Vitrolife 98.2%, P>0.05], high quality embryo rate [Cook 52.1% vs. Vitrolife 52.7%, P>0.05], usable blastocyst rate [Cook 29.7% vs. Vitrolife 28.0%, P>0.05], pregnancy rate [Cook 46.7% VS. Vitrolife 50.0%, P>0.05] and implantation rate [Cook 30.3% VS. Vitrolife 29.0%, P>0.05]

Conclusions: Morphokinetics used for embryo selection are not affected by the two different culture media

The effect of paraquat on voltage-dependent anion channel and caspase-3, 8, 9 in the mitochondria of rat lung / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of different concentrations of paraquat (PQ) poisoning on the expression of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and caspase family in the mitochondria of rat lung tissue, and to explore possible mechanisms of acute lung injury induced by acute PQ poisoning.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred healthy adult Wister rats with equal numbers of male and female ones were randomly and equally divided into control group and poisoned group. The control group received one-time gastric lavage with 1 ml of normal saline, and the poisoned group with PQ (50 mg/kg) diluted in 1 ml of normal saline. Twenty rats were collected at 1, 24, 72, 120, and 168 h after lavage with normal saline or PQ and dissected after anesthesia. Mitochondria were separated from rat lung tissue, and the content of VDAC and caspase-3, -8, and -9 were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of VDAC and caspase-3, -8, and -9 in the poisoned rats were significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). At 1, 24, 72, 120, and 168 h after exposure, acute diffuse damages were found in alveolar capillary endothelial cells, alveolar epithelial cells, and pulmonary interstitial cells. Inflammatory cell infiltration in the pulmonary interstitium, alveolar structural disorder, and substantially increased fibroblasts were also found in rat lung tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PQ poisoning can up-regulate the expression of VDAC and caspase-3, -8, and -9 in mitochondria of rat lung tissue to induce acute lung injury.</p>

Structural characterisation of a polysaccharide from radix ranunculus ternati

A water soluble polysaccharide, HB-1, with a molecular weight of 23, 930, was isolated from radix Ranunculi ternati. by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, deproteination, ultrafiltration and gel-filtration column chromatography. Its sugar composition was determined by GLC as Glc, Ara, and Gal in a molar ration of 16.071: 2.722: 1. And the absolute configuration of Glc was identified as D. Smith degradation and methylation reaction showed the proportion of [-1]Glc [A] was about 16%, [-1]Glc[4-] [B] about 62% [1]Ara[4][2] [C] about 14%, and -[1]Gal[6]- [D] about 8%. The repetitive unit was likely composed of 3 As, 3 Cs, 13 Bs and 1 D. Together with the average molecular weight, it was predictable that HB-1 consisted of about seven of the repetitive unit. The inhibition activity of HB-1 on human glioma cell line SF188 was also measured, only to find it inactive

case of long-term survival after curative resection for synchronous solitary adrenal metastasis from rectal cancer

Clinically curable adrenal metastasis is rare. We report a case of synchronous solitary adrenal metastasis from rectal cancer in a 51-year-old man who underwent curative resection. A right adrenal mass was found by ultrasonography during his routine physical examination and this was confirmed by computed tomography [CT]. His serum carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA] level was found elevated, and colonoscopy revealed a rectal tumor located 10cm from anal verge. A simultaneous laparoscopic right adrenalectomy and anterior resection for rectal carcinoma was performed. Histopathological examination revealed well-differentiated rectal adenocarcinoma with adrenal metastasis. The patient is still alive and free from disease 6 years after the surgery. A review in the literature showed that synchronous solitary adrenal metastasis from colorectal carcinoma is very rare. Surgical resection and for selected patients, laparoscopic procedure may provide survival benefit and potential surgical cure for a solitary metastasis

Prediction of clinical pregnancy in vitrified-warmed single blastocyst transfer cycles by pre-freeze morphology

Background: The selection of blastocyst warmed for transfer is based on pre-freeze morphology in vitrified-warmed single blastocyst transfer cycles. But, it is controversial which parameter of blastocyst morphology most closely related to the clinical outcomes

Objective: To estimate the effect of blastocoele expansion, trophectoderm [TE] morphology grade, and inner cell mass [ICM] morphology grade on clinical pregnancy in vitrified-warmed single blastocyst transfers

Materials and Methods: There were 172 vitrified-warmed single blastocyst transfer cycles during the year 2012 included in this analysis. Comparison of clinical results between pregnancy and no pregnancy group based on patient and blastocyst morphology characteristics was done. Then stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to select the best morphological predictor for clinical pregnancy. Last, comparison of patient characteristics and clinical outcomes separated by the best independent morphological predictor was done

Results: Comparison of clinical results between pregnancy and no pregnancy group and logistic regression showed the clinical pregnancy rate was affected by ICM. Comparison of patient characteristics separated by ICM grade, ICM grade A cycles got higher clinical pregnancy rate than ICM grade B cycles [54.3% vs. 35.0% respectively, p=0.037]

Conclusion: Blastocyst with good ICM morphology could increase clinical pregnancy rate in vitrified-warmed single blastocyst transfer cycles

Diagnostic value of sperm DNA fragmentation for male infertility / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the diagnostic value of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) for male infertility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and ninety-nine males attending infertility clinic were classified into 157 primary infertile cases and 142 fertile controls. Semen analysis was performed as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). SDF was assessed by sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) assay, and the results were expressed as DNA fragmentation index (DFI).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The DFI was significantly higher in infertile males than that in fertile controls [(17.1± 9.3)% vs. (14.2± 9.0)%](P< 0.01). No significant difference was detected in the age of male and female partners, seminal volume, sperm count, motility and morphology between infertile males and fertile controls (P> 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.861 [95% confidence interval (CI)= 0.814-0.907] for 15.1% of SDF. The threshold level of 15.1% was derived as cut-off value to discriminate infertile men from fertile controls. By this threshold, specificity was 88.2% and sensitivity was 81.8%. The 299 men were divided into group A (n= 120) with DFI≥ 15.1% and group B (n= 179) with DFI< 15.1% based on the cut-off value. The percentage of infertile men in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (79.2% vs. 34.6%) (P< 0.01). The odds ratio (OR) for infertility in the two groups was 7.2 (95%CI= 4.2-12.3).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sperms with high-level of DNA fragmentation can impair male fertility. DFI can be used as a good diagnostic marker for male infertility.</p>

Comparison of Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay with Sperm Chromatin Dispersion Test for DNA Fragmentation Evaluation in Human Sperm / 实用医学杂志

Objective To assess sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) and sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCD) for DNA fragmentation evaluation in human infertility, and the correlation between these two methods. Methods We used SCSA and SCD assays to detect DNA fragmentation in sperm from 134 infertile men. The correlation of SCSA and SCD assays was analyzed. The sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was divided into 3 groups (≤15%DFI, >15~≤30%DFI and>30%DFI), and the difference between SCSA and SCD assays was assessed. Results The SCSA assay was strongly correlated with the SCD assay for sperm DNA fragmentation (r=0.915, P15~ ≤30%DFI and>30%DFI groups. However, SCD showed higher levels of DNA fragmentation than that measured by SCSA for≤15%DFI group (13.50 4.82 vs 9.79 2.60, P<0.001). Conclusion There is a strong positive correlation between SCSA and SCD assays in detection of DNA fragmentation. SCD assay showed higher levels of DNA fragmentation than that measured by SCSA for≤15%DFI group.

Impact of hepatitis B virus infection on semen parameters and sperm function / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To investigate the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on semen parameters,sperm DNA integrity,acrosin activity and sperm-nucleoprotein transition.Methods Semen samples from 527 subjects including 273 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive and 254 HBsAg negative,who sought medical attention and received in-vitro feritilization in reproductive medicine center of First Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from Jan 2011 to Oct 2012 were collected.Semen parameters,sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI),sperm-nucleoprotein transition and acrosin activity of both HBsAg-positive and HBsAg-negative subjects were analyzed.Results Semen parameters of both groups were within the normal range,but sperm concentration and percentage of forward moving sperms of HBsAg positive group were significantly lower than those of HBsAg negative group (P=0.000),while percentage of static sperms of HBsAg positive group were significantly higher than that of HBsAg negative group (P =0.000).DFI in HBsAg positive and negative group were (17.85 ± 0.70) ％ and (11.85 ± 0.50) ％,respectively,which was significantly different (t=6.951,P=0.000).Percentage of sperms with normal morphology in both groups were within the normal range,but sperms with neck and tail deformity in the HBsAg positive group was significantly higer than those in HBsAg negative group (all P＜0.05).Acrosin activity of sperms in HBsAg positive group was significantly lower than that in HBsAg negative group (t=3.756,P=0.000).Linear regression analysis indicated that serum HBsAg level was reversely correlated with sperm concentration (r=-0.140,P =0.021),but positively correlated to DFI (r =0.151,P =0.014).Conclusions HBV infection not only affects the routine semen parameters and sperm morphology,but also compromises sperm function including impaired DFI and acrosin activity.However,the impact of anti-HBV agents on sperm quality and male fertility requires further research.

Association of sperm-nucleoprotein transition with sperm parameters and embryo development / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between sperm-nucleporotein transition and sperm parameters and embryo development,also to evaluate the influence of pregnancy out comes of assisted reproductive technology (ART).Methods Sperm-nucleoprotein transition assay of a total of 676 patients underwent ART treatment were detected by aniline blue staining,and the correlation analysis between spermnucleoprotein transition and sperm parameters,DNA damage,acrosin activity,fertilization rate,cleavage rate,quality of early embryo development as well as blastocyst formation rate was performed.Results The sperm concentration,(a+b) ％ sperm,sperm count and acrosin activity was (66.5±4.6) × 109/L,(149.2±9.9)×109/L,(51.2±1.3)％ and (72.2±3.3) mU/106 sperm in abnormal group,and (91.9±2.7) ×109/L,(240.0±8.0) ×109/L,(57.3±0.8)％ and (85.7±1.9) mU/106 sperm in normal group,which reached significant difference (P＜0.01).DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was (17.3± 1.0)％ in abnormal group,which was significantly higher than (14.6±0.5)％ in normal group.The cleavage rate of 95.0％,D3/D5 high quality embryo rates of 34.2％ and 1.28％,D5 blastocyst formation rate and the total rate of blastocyst formation rate of 22.4％ and 38.6％ in abnormal group,which were significantly lower than that in normal group (96.9％,38.2％,2.70％,27.9％ and 46.4％) (P＜0.01).The rate of spontaneous abortion was 12.3％ in abnormal group,which was significantly higher than that in normal group (4.7％) (P＜0.01).However,there was no significant difference in biochemical pregnancy rate and ectopic pregnancy rate between the 2 groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions Sperm-nucleoprotein transition was positively related with sperm parameters,DNA damage,acrosin activity,and also has an adverse effect on embryo development and the outcomes of ART.It is suggested that the sperm-nucleoprotein transition should be detected before ART.

Mutation analysis of the mtND4 gene associated with asthenospermia patients / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between mtND4 point mutation in sperms and asthenospermia. Methods Fifty-six asthenospermia cases and 44 control cases were collected using the WHO criterion for defining asthenospermia, the regions of mtND4 gene were amplified by using PCR of 3 pairs primers. Consequently, the point mutation, missense mutation and multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were analyzed by employing sequencing technology and bioinformatics tools. Results Six mutations never before identified were found. The frequency of single point mutation T10873C and T11944C in the control group were significantly higher than those in the asthenospermia group (P＜0.05). Eight cases involved T10873C or T11944C among the 10 cases in control groups with missense mutations were found. But, there were only 2 cases with such mutation in the 10 asthenospermia cases with missense mutations (P＜0.05). The previous 20 cases of missense mutations can be described as either multiple SNP group (with T10873C or T11944C) or nonmultiple SNP group. The percentage of a range and a plus b range of multiple SNP group of sperm was significantly higher than the non-multiple SNP group(P＜0.05). Conclusions mtND4 gene mutation, especially the missense mutation may induce loss of sperm motility. The mutations of T10873C and T11944C may be useful for sperm motility or counteract the influence for the sperm motility caused by these harmful mutations.

Analysis of risk factors of in-stent restenosis after coronary implantation of drug-elufing stent / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the risk factors of in-stent restenosis (ISR) after coronary implantation of drug-eluting stent Methods One hundred and fifty-seven patients including 118 males and 39 females,who underwent successful implantation of drug-eluting stent, were recruited in the study. The patients were divided into the restenosis group (33 patients) and non-restenosis group ( 124 patients) according to the angiographic results. The associations of ISR with clinical and coronary angiographic characteristics were analyzed using univiriate analysis and logistic regression. Results In the restenosis group,there were 18 cases of diabetes mellitus ( 54. 5% ), 26 cases of frequency angina ( 78. 8% ), which were significantly higher than those of 31 cases of diabetes (25.0%) and 72 case of frequent angina (58. 1% ) in the non-restenosis group (χ2 = 10. 60, P ＜ 0. 01, χ2 = 4. 77, P = 0. 03 for diabetes mellitus and frequent angina, respectively). Compared to non-restenosis group, the occurrence rates of chronic total occasion, bifurcatus lesions, diffuse lesions were significandy higher in the restenosis group ( 19. 3% vs 7. 6% χ2 =5.92,21.1% vs 10. 2% χ2 =4. 34,26. 3%vs 12. 1% χ2 =6. 32,Ps ＜0. 05). Fifty-seven stents were implanted into the restenosis group,and one hundred and fifty-seven into the non-restenosis group. Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, frequent angina,chronic total occlusion lesions, bifurcatus lesions, diffuse lesions, stent length and diameter were significantly associated with restenosis ( OR value were 3.52,2. 59,3.05,3. 14,3.08,0. 93,95% CI were 1.56 - 7.90,1.02 - 6. 59,1.11 - 8. 36,1.30 - 7.59,1.34 - 7.05,0. 88 - 0. 98 respectively, Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion After implantation of drug-eluting stent, diabetes mellitus, chronic total occasion lesions, frequent angina, diffuse lesions, bifurcatus lesions and stent length and diameter are associated with follow-up restenosis.

Analysis of chromosomal abnormality and Y chromosome microdeletions in Chinese infertile men / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To study the relationship between chromosomal abnormality and Y chromosome microdeletions and male infertility. Methods Lymphocytes were cultured from peripheral blood of 1975 male infertility patients and stained with Giemsa. The chromosomes were analyzed under microscope. Y chromosome specific sequence tags (STS) were selected, then the Y chromosome microdeletions in AZF regions were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in azoospermia and oligozoospermia patients. Results There were 305 cases of detected chromosomal abnormalities (15.44%) in the 1975 cases. There were 101 cases (5.11 %) with autosome abnormalities which clinically manifested as oligozoospermia and teratospermia. There were 204 cases (10. 33%) of sexual chromosome abnormalities and the patients were mainly characterized with Klinefelter's syndrome. Y chromosome microdeletions were detected in 109 (14.97 %) of the 728 cases of azoospermia or oligozoospermia. The most common microdeletion of Y chromosome was AZFc (62.39%) and these patients were characterized with azoospermia and oligozoospermia. Five patients (4. 59%) who suffered Y chromosome microdeletion in AZFa region and AZFb region were characterized with azoospermia. Fifteen cases (13.76%) with microdeletion in AZFb region and AZFc region were mainly characterized with azoospermia. There were 6 cases (5. 50 % ) of microdeletion in AZFa, AZFb and AZFc regions,these patients were all characterized with azoospermia. Conclusions Both Chromosome abnormalities and Y chromosome microdeletions are important causes for male infertility.

Effects of inhalation anesthetics on human sperm motility and capacitation in vitro / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of inhalation anesthetics on human sperm motility and capacitation in vitro. Methods Sperm samples were obtained from normal adults and prepared with discontinuous percoll gradient centrifugation technique. The samples were incubated for 5 h in an airtight glass container filledwith 5% CO2-95% air at 37 ℃ with or without sevoflurane (SEV 2%, 4% ) or isoflurane (ISO 1.1%, 2.2% ).Then human sperm motility was examined in vitro at 37℃ and analyzed by the computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), including sperm motility (a + b)%, curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), averagepath velocity (VAP) and amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH). The capacitation effect was assessed by using the chlortetracycline (CTC) staining and phase-contract microscopy. Results 2% and 4% SEV significantly reduced (a + b)% , VCL, VSL and VAP in a dose-dependent manner, while only 4% SEV significantly decreased ALH and the capacitation ability of the sperm compared with control group. 2.2% ISO significantly decreased ( a + b)%, VCL, VSL and VAP compared with control and 1.1% ISO group. The capacitation ability of the sperm was significantly decreased by 1.1% and 2.2% ISO as compared with control group. Conclusion Sevoflurane and isoflurane have significant inhibitory effects on human sperm motility and capacitation in a dose-dependent manner. Sevoflurane has stronger inhibitory effect than isoflurane.

Association between asthenospermia and mtDNA mutations in ND3 and ND4L genes / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To explore the molecular mechanism of asthenospermia(AST) by preliminary screening of nucleotide sequences from the ND3 and ND4L genes of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA). METHODS: Samples from 50 AST patients and 42 age-matched normal controls were collected according to the WHO criteria. Density gradient centrifugation was applied to separate spermatozoa with different vigor. The ND3 and ND4L genes of mtDNA were amplified and sequenced directly from the extracted genomic DNA from AST patients and normal controls. The sequences were compared with revised Cambridge Reference Sequence(rCRS) to analyze the variants. RESULTS: A total of 22 nucleotide variations were found in ND3 and ND4L genes of mtDNA in asthenospermia group and control group. G10320A, A10398G and T10609C were missense mutations, while A10157G and A10313C were the reported for the first time in this study. Haplotype N in patients with AST(33/50) was higher than that in control group(14/42, P<0.05), and haplotype R9 in patients with AST(15/50) was also higher than that in control group(4/42, P<0.05) through genetic testing of ND3 gene. Rates of sperm progressive motility of haplotype F1, F2 and R9 were significantly lower than those of haplotype M and M rest. Two haplotype differences, haplotype M and N, were found in the same AST patient's spermatozoas which had different vigor. Haplotype M had stronger vigor, while haplotype N had lower vigor. By sequencing ND3 gene of mtDNA from 50 AST patients, we detected G10310A heteroplasmic mutation in 2 specimens of asthenospermia with poor and moderate motility spermatozoa, respectively. No mutation occurred in good motility spermatozoa. CONCLUSION: Haplotype of mitochondrial may have some correlation with sperm motility. The nt10398G-10400T polymorphisms may have benefit for sperm motility, whereas the mutation in nt10310A may impair sperm motility.